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Australian Government Coat of Arms

Budget | 2015-16

Budget 2015-16
Australian Government Coat of Arms, Budget 2015-16
  1. budget.gov.au
  2. 2015‑16
  3. Budget Paper No.1
  4. Statement 2: Chart data

Chart data

Budget Paper No.1 — Statement 2

Chart 1: Chinese real GDP

This chart shows the Chinese real GDP 2005-2014.

Note:1990 prices.

Source: IMF April 2015 World Economic Outlook.

Chinese real GDP
X Values China GDP
2005 8309.76
2006 9363.15
2007 10692.71
2008 11722.92
2009 12803.10
2010 14135.95
2011 15450.59
2012 16649.99
2013 17940.50
2014 19261.54

Note:1990 prices.

Source: IMF April 2015 World Economic Outlook.

Box 1: A: India and China working age population (15‑64)

This chart/box shows the Working age population (age 15-64): India and China.

Source: UN Population Statistics.

India and China working age population (15‑64)
X Values Working age population Share of population of working age
2001 653729.86 61.70
2002 667658.33 62.00
2003 681851.25 62.30
2004 696257.25 62.70
2005 710829.53 63.10
2006 724384.54 63.40
2007 738317.77 63.70
2008 752483.18 64.10
2009 766670.79 64.40
2010 780760.55 64.80
2011 794779.75 65.10
2012 808440.65 65.40
2013 821843.33 65.60
2014 835188.33 65.90
2015 848518.18 66.20
2016 860354.13 66.30
2017 872518.72 66.50

Source: UN Population Statistics.

Chart 2: Real GDP growth

This chart shows real GDP growth.

Source: ABS cat. no. 5206.0 and Treasury.

Real GDP growth
X Values Growth through the year 20-year average
1988-89 3.9 3.3
1989-90 3.5 3.3
1990-91 -0.4 3.3
1991-92 0.4 3.3
1992-93 4.0 3.3
1993-94 4.0 3.3
1994-95 3.9 3.3
1995-96 3.9 3.3
1996-97 3.9 3.3
1997-98 4.4 3.3
1998-99 5.0 3.3
1999-00 3.9 3.3
2000-01 1.9 3.3
2001-02 3.9 3.3
2002-03 3.1 3.3
2003-04 4.2 3.3
2004-05 3.2 3.3
2005-06 3.0 3.3
2006-07 3.8 3.3
2007-08 3.7 3.3
2008-09 1.7 3.3
2009-10 2.0 3.3
2010-11 2.3 3.3
2011-12 3.7 3.3
2012-13 2.5 3.3
2013-14 2.5 3.3
2014-15 2.5
2015-16 2.8
2016-17 3.3
2017-18 3.5
2018-19 3.5

Source: ABS cat. no. 5206.0 and Treasury.

Chart 3: China overseas visitor arrivals (persons monthly)

This chart/box shows China overseas visitor arrivals (persons monthly).

Source: ABS cat no. 3401.0.

Website chart data has not been prepared correctly - see Mary-Ann/Liam

Box 2: Chart A: Service and Manufactured Export Volumes

This chart/box shows Service and Manufactured Export Volumes.

Note: 2012‑13 prices; forecast period is from March 2015 to June 2017.

ABS cat. no. 5302.0 and Treasury.

Service and Manufactured Export Volumes
Service export volumes Manufactured export volumes
Jun-96 8.6 3.8
Sep-96 8.6 3.8
Dec-96 9.1 4.2
Mar-97 8.9 4.1
Jun-97 9.1 4.9
Sep-97 9.3 4.6
Dec-97 9.1 4.4
Mar-98 9.2 4.2
Jun-98 9.4 4.5
Sep-98 9.6 4.1
Dec-98 9.7 4.3
Mar-99 9.6 4.5
Jun-99 10.0 4.5
Sep-99 10.0 4.8
Dec-99 10.2 5.3
Mar-00 10.5 5.1
Jun-00 10.9 5.2
Sep-00 13.1 5.4
Dec-00 11.5 5.5
Mar-01 11.7 6.0
Jun-01 11.8 5.7
Sep-01 11.7 5.5
Dec-01 10.8 5.7
Mar-02 11.3 5.9
Jun-02 11.4 5.7
Sep-02 11.2 5.7
Dec-02 11.8 6.1
Mar-03 11.4 6.0
Jun-03 10.7 5.9
Sep-03 11.3 6.0
Dec-03 11.9 5.9
Mar-04 11.4 6.0
Jun-04 11.7 6.1
Sep-04 11.6 5.9
Dec-04 11.8 6.1
Mar-05 12.0 6.2
Jun-05 11.9 6.6
Sep-05 12.1 6.5
Dec-05 12.1 6.5
Mar-06 12.4 6.6
Jun-06 12.7 6.6
Sep-06 12.9 6.6
Dec-06 13.3 6.7
Mar-07 13.7 7.0
Jun-07 13.8 7.1
Sep-07 13.8 7.5
Dec-07 13.7 7.4
Mar-08 14.2 7.6
Jun-08 14.2 8.1
Sep-08 13.9 7.8
Dec-08 14.4 7.4
Mar-09 14.3 6.7
Jun-09 13.8 6.4
Sep-09 13.5 6.8
Dec-09 13.5 7.0
Mar-10 13.3 7.1
Jun-10 13.5 7.0
Sep-10 13.6 6.9
Dec-10 13.4 7.3
Mar-11 13.1 7.2
Jun-11 13.3 7.3
Sep-11 13.2 7.4
Dec-11 13.1 7.3
Mar-12 13.2 7.5
Jun-12 13.2 7.6
Sep-12 13.1 7.5
Dec-12 13.3 7.2
Mar-13 13.6 7.2
Jun-13 13.5 7.2
Sep-13 13.6 7.3
Dec-13 14.0 7.4
Mar-14 14.1 7.2
Jun-14 14.1 7.4
Sep-14 14.6 7.4
Dec-14 14.3 7.3
Mar-15 14.5 7.4
Jun-15 14.6 7.4
Sep-15 14.9 7.5
Dec-15 15.2 7.6
Mar-16 15.4 7.6
Jun-16 15.7 7.7
Sep-16 15.9 7.7
Dec-16 16.0 7.8
Mar-17 16.2 7.8
Jun-17 16.4 7.9

Note: 2012‑13 prices; forecast period is from March 2015 to June 2017.

ABS cat. no. 5302.0 and Treasury.

Box 2: Chart B: Exchange Rate and Terms of Trade

This chart shows the Australian dollar real trade-weighted exchange rate and the terms of trade between 1984 and 2014.

Note: Index 2012‑13 average = 100.

Source: ABS cat. no. 5206.0 and RBA.

Exchange Rate and Terms of Trade
X Values Terms of trade Australian dollar real trade-weighted exchange rate
Mar-85 58.70 75.49
Jun-85 55.10 66.67
Sep-85 54.40 68.90
Dec-85 52.00 64.95
Mar-86 51.80 64.90
Jun-86 51.80 64.22
Sep-86 49.40 55.62
Dec-86 49.30 58.84
Mar-87 49.60 59.96
Jun-87 50.70 62.21
Sep-87 52.00 63.38
Dec-87 52.10 60.51
Mar-88 54.70 61.01
Jun-88 57.10 65.85
Sep-88 60.30 70.77
Dec-88 60.60 72.34
Mar-89 63.40 74.19
Jun-89 63.00 70.15
Sep-89 61.90 70.13
Dec-89 62.10 71.93
Mar-90 62.00 71.46
Jun-90 62.30 72.61
Sep-90 61.60 74.05
Dec-90 58.70 69.42
Mar-91 57.80 69.87
Jun-91 57.30 71.54
Sep-91 57.60 72.67
Dec-91 57.00 70.71
Mar-92 57.10 67.62
Jun-92 56.70 67.87
Sep-92 55.60 63.58
Dec-92 54.90 61.96
Mar-93 55.00 61.85
Jun-93 53.40 60.05
Sep-93 53.00 57.82
Dec-93 52.80 57.85
Mar-94 53.50 62.35
Jun-94 53.30 62.27
Sep-94 53.60 62.00
Dec-94 55.50 62.77
Mar-95 55.80 61.23
Jun-95 55.10 56.79
Sep-95 55.40 59.98
Dec-95 56.00 61.71
Mar-96 56.80 63.14
Jun-96 58.00 66.28
Sep-96 58.10 66.26
Dec-96 58.20 67.27
Mar-97 58.40 68.01
Jun-97 58.80 67.32
Sep-97 58.80 65.80
Dec-97 58.50 65.97
Mar-98 57.50 68.31
Jun-98 57.30 64.59
Sep-98 55.50 62.52
Dec-98 54.80 60.71
Mar-99 55.40 62.11
Jun-99 55.10 65.01
Sep-99 55.90 64.59
Dec-99 56.90 62.98
Mar-00 58.80 62.82
Jun-00 57.80 59.66
Sep-00 58.60 59.42
Dec-00 58.30 56.53
Mar-01 58.40 57.40
Jun-01 58.10 57.03
Sep-01 58.90 56.96
Dec-01 58.70 57.44
Mar-02 60.00 59.43
Jun-02 59.30 61.51
Sep-02 59.40 59.59
Dec-02 59.90 60.96
Mar-03 60.50 63.41
Jun-03 60.70 67.51
Sep-03 61.90 69.45
Dec-03 63.20 73.36
Mar-04 65.50 77.11
Jun-04 67.40 73.25
Sep-04 68.10 72.62
Dec-04 68.80 75.49
Mar-05 70.80 76.84
Jun-05 75.40 77.13
Sep-05 76.60 77.79
Dec-05 77.80 77.27
Mar-06 78.90 76.37
Jun-06 80.30 76.26
Sep-06 81.80 77.51
Dec-06 83.50 78.27
Mar-07 85.00 79.56
Jun-07 85.50 83.22
Sep-07 85.30 84.28
Dec-07 86.00 86.63
Mar-08 87.40 86.53
Jun-08 96.20 89.32
Sep-08 103.00 86.42
Dec-08 100.20 69.36
Mar-09 93.40 70.28
Jun-09 85.50 78.78
Sep-09 84.20 84.31
Dec-09 87.10 90.01
Mar-10 91.20 90.89
Jun-10 103.70 89.89
Sep-10 105.50 90.39
Dec-10 107.30 95.51
Mar-11 112.30 96.67
Jun-11 116.80 100.16
Sep-11 118.50 98.02
Dec-11 112.20 96.70
Mar-12 106.50 100.69
Jun-12 106.00 97.44
Sep-12 101.10 100.61
Dec-12 98.90 99.53
Mar-13 99.70 101.37
Jun-13 100.00 98.48
Sep-13 98.10 91.96
Dec-13 98.50 92.79
Mar-14 96.40 90.48
Jun-14 92.70 93.83
Sep-14 89.40 93.50
Dec-14 87.90 89.63
Mar-15 85.57

Note: Index 2012‑13 average = 100.

Source: ABS cat. no. 5206.0 and RBA.

Box 2: Chart C: Tourism - related services trade balance

This chart shows the relationship between the Australian nominal trade-weighted index and tourism-related services trade balance. There has been a sharp improvement in the trade balance of tourism-related services over the past 18 months, consistent with the depreciation of the Australian dollar.

Note: Tourism‑related services include travel services and passenger transportation services; exchange rate index March 1970 = 100.

Source: ABS cat. no. 5368.0 and RBA.

Tourism - related services trade balance
X Values Australian dollar TWI (RHS; inverted scale) Tourism-related services trade balance (trend, LHS)
Mar-1985 69.20 -139.00
Apr-1985 64.20 -140.00
May-1985 64.80 -141.00
Jun-1985 65.00 -140.00
Jul-1985 68.50 -135.00
Aug-1985 66.40 -130.00
Sep-1985 64.80 -122.00
Oct-1985 63.40 -114.00
Nov-1985 60.90 -104.00
Dec-1985 60.70 -96.00
Jan-1986 62.70 -88.00
Feb-1986 59.80 -82.00
Mar-1986 61.10 -78.00
Apr-1986 61.40 -79.00
May-1986 60.70 -83.00
Jun-1986 56.30 -88.00
Jul-1986 49.30 -90.00
Aug-1986 50.30 -87.00
Sep-1986 51.90 -78.00
Oct-1986 54.00 -63.00
Nov-1986 54.30 -48.00
Dec-1986 55.00 -35.00
Jan-1987 52.80 -26.00
Feb-1987 54.10 -21.00
Mar-1987 55.40 -22.00
Apr-1987 54.50 -24.00
May-1987 55.80 -29.00
Jun-1987 56.60 -34.00
Jul-1987 55.30 -40.00
Aug-1987 55.20 -41.00
Sep-1987 56.20 -40.00
Oct-1987 51.70 -33.00
Nov-1987 52.30 -22.00
Dec-1987 52.00 -9.00
Jan-1988 52.50 6.00
Feb-1988 53.10 22.00
Mar-1988 53.80 41.00
Apr-1988 55.20 60.00
May-1988 58.90 80.00
Jun-1988 59.80 100.00
Jul-1988 61.00 113.00
Aug-1988 61.80 118.00
Sep-1988 60.00 109.00
Oct-1988 61.10 87.00
Nov-1988 63.70 57.00
Dec-1988 63.20 21.00
Jan-1989 66.70 -15.00
Feb-1989 59.60 -46.00
Mar-1989 62.20 -68.00
Apr-1989 60.00 -81.00
May-1989 58.80 -89.00
Jun-1989 59.40 -92.00
Jul-1989 57.80 -95.00
Aug-1989 60.00 -100.00
Sep-1989 59.80 -105.00
Oct-1989 60.70 -110.00
Nov-1989 60.40 -112.00
Dec-1989 61.10 -108.00
Jan-1990 59.40 -97.00
Feb-1990 59.00 -82.00
Mar-1990 59.80 -68.00
Apr-1990 59.60 -59.00
May-1990 60.20 -56.00
Jun-1990 61.60 -56.00
Jul-1990 60.40 -56.00
Aug-1990 61.40 -53.00
Sep-1990 61.60 -42.00
Oct-1990 57.20 -24.00
Nov-1990 56.90 -3.00
Dec-1990 57.30 15.00
Jan-1991 57.50 26.00
Feb-1991 57.90 29.00
Mar-1991 59.70 24.00
Apr-1991 60.20 15.00
May-1991 58.50 9.00
Jun-1991 59.70 9.00
Jul-1991 60.10 17.00
Aug-1991 60.50 29.00
Sep-1991 60.60 41.00
Oct-1991 59.30 48.00
Nov-1991 59.00 53.00
Dec-1991 55.90 55.00
Jan-1992 55.80 54.00
Feb-1992 56.80 51.00
Mar-1992 58.60 47.00
Apr-1992 57.90 43.00
May-1992 56.90 37.00
Jun-1992 55.20 36.00
Jul-1992 54.70 40.00
Aug-1992 51.60 51.00
Sep-1992 51.70 65.00
Oct-1992 51.90 83.00
Nov-1992 51.80 102.00
Dec-1992 52.40 122.00
Jan-1993 51.60 144.00
Feb-1993 52.70 163.00
Mar-1993 52.90 177.00
Apr-1993 52.30 186.00
May-1993 49.40 191.00
Jun-1993 49.50 195.00
Jul-1993 50.90 202.00
Aug-1993 49.30 217.00
Sep-1993 47.30 235.00
Oct-1993 49.40 251.00
Nov-1993 49.10 261.00
Dec-1993 50.80 263.00
Jan-1994 54.00 259.00
Feb-1994 53.60 250.00
Mar-1994 52.10 244.00
Apr-1994 52.60 240.00
May-1994 54.60 240.00
Jun-1994 53.00 245.00
Jul-1994 53.90 256.00
Aug-1994 53.90 273.00
Sep-1994 53.40 290.00
Oct-1994 53.10 303.00
Nov-1994 55.50 308.00
Dec-1994 56.20 308.00
Jan-1995 54.50 305.00
Feb-1995 52.90 303.00
Mar-1995 50.70 305.00
Apr-1995 49.60 313.00
May-1995 48.50 323.00
Jun-1995 48.40 330.00
Jul-1995 51.00 330.00
Aug-1995 53.90 323.00
Sep-1995 53.80 315.00
Oct-1995 54.30 309.00
Nov-1995 53.80 308.00
Dec-1995 53.90 313.00
Jan-1996 54.70 325.00
Feb-1996 55.50 343.00
Mar-1996 56.80 360.00
Apr-1996 57.10 374.00
May-1996 58.70 382.00
Jun-1996 58.10 383.00
Jul-1996 56.50 376.00
Aug-1996 57.90 364.00
Sep-1996 58.50 353.00
Oct-1996 58.60 343.00
Nov-1996 59.90 338.00
Dec-1996 59.40 337.00
Jan-1997 58.10 336.00
Feb-1997 59.30 336.00
Mar-1997 60.50 341.00
Apr-1997 60.70 346.00
May-1997 58.00 351.00
Jun-1997 56.70 353.00
Jul-1997 58.30 347.00
Aug-1997 58.20 334.00
Sep-1997 57.70 316.00
Oct-1997 57.10 296.00
Nov-1997 57.00 278.00
Dec-1997 58.10 265.00
Jan-1998 61.90 256.00
Feb-1998 60.60 249.00
Mar-1998 59.60 243.00
Apr-1998 58.00 242.00
May-1998 57.50 241.00
Jun-1998 57.90 240.00
Jul-1998 57.30 240.00
Aug-1998 53.40 239.00
Sep-1998 54.50 240.00
Oct-1998 54.20 244.00
Nov-1998 55.60 253.00
Dec-1998 53.00 267.00
Jan-1999 54.80 285.00
Feb-1999 55.40 302.00
Mar-1999 56.10 319.00
Apr-1999 58.30 332.00
May-1999 58.00 344.00
Jun-1999 58.40 353.00
Jul-1999 57.10 360.00
Aug-1999 56.00 365.00
Sep-1999 57.00 364.00
Oct-1999 55.70 361.00
Nov-1999 55.30 358.00
Dec-1999 56.40 352.00
Jan-2000 56.00 343.00
Feb-2000 54.50 335.00
Mar-2000 53.10 326.00
Apr-2000 52.50 321.00
May-2000 51.40 319.00
Jun-2000 53.30 321.00
Jul-2000 52.70 321.00
Aug-2000 52.20 321.00
Sep-2000 49.90 320.00
Oct-2000 48.20 322.00
Nov-2000 49.20 327.00
Dec-2000 51.60 343.00
Jan-2001 51.10 368.00
Feb-2001 49.30 402.00
Mar-2001 47.40 439.00
Apr-2001 49.20 474.00
May-2001 49.30 502.00
Jun-2001 49.70 521.00
Jul-2001 48.80 531.00
Aug-2001 50.40 533.00
Sep-2001 47.00 529.00
Oct-2001 48.70 527.00
Nov-2001 50.40 529.00
Dec-2001 50.20 538.00
Jan-2002 50.20 553.00
Feb-2002 51.10 565.00
Mar-2002 52.20 569.00
Apr-2002 52.10 561.00
May-2002 53.50 544.00
Jun-2002 52.30 523.00
Jul-2002 50.90 511.00
Aug-2002 51.30 509.00
Sep-2002 50.90 520.00
Oct-2002 51.80 535.00
Nov-2002 52.20 550.00
Dec-2002 51.70 559.00
Jan-2003 53.20 561.00
Feb-2003 54.70 560.00
Mar-2003 54.80 560.00
Apr-2003 56.10 559.00
May-2003 57.70 556.00
Jun-2003 59.40 557.00
Jul-2003 58.30 561.00
Aug-2003 57.30 565.00
Sep-2003 59.10 564.00
Oct-2003 61.00 551.00
Nov-2003 62.10 522.00
Dec-2003 63.50 477.00
Jan-2004 64.50 429.00
Feb-2004 65.20 388.00
Mar-2004 63.80 367.00
Apr-2004 62.10 366.00
May-2004 61.10 378.00
Jun-2004 59.10 394.00
Jul-2004 60.20 402.00
Aug-2004 60.10 398.00
Sep-2004 61.00 386.00
Oct-2004 62.50 372.00
Nov-2004 63.60 359.00
Dec-2004 63.20 354.00
Jan-2005 63.50 359.00
Feb-2005 64.40 369.00
Mar-2005 63.80 381.00
Apr-2005 64.10 393.00
May-2005 63.20 401.00
Jun-2005 64.50 406.00
Jul-2005 64.30 410.00
Aug-2005 63.30 410.00
Sep-2005 64.70 408.00
Oct-2005 63.90 400.00
Nov-2005 63.70 389.00
Dec-2005 62.70 374.00
Jan-2006 63.40 357.00
Feb-2006 62.60 338.00
Mar-2006 60.80 322.00
Apr-2006 62.80 310.00
May-2006 63.20 309.00
Jun-2006 62.20 316.00
Jul-2006 63.90 331.00
Aug-2006 63.70 350.00
Sep-2006 62.60 368.00
Oct-2006 64.00 381.00
Nov-2006 64.50 389.00
Dec-2006 64.90 390.00
Jan-2007 63.80 384.00
Feb-2007 64.60 377.00
Mar-2007 65.90 367.00
Apr-2007 67.00 360.00
May-2007 67.00 353.00
Jun-2007 68.90 344.00
Jul-2007 68.80 330.00
Aug-2007 66.20 308.00
Sep-2007 70.00 277.00
Oct-2007 72.20 240.00
Nov-2007 68.90 204.00
Dec-2007 68.70 176.00
Jan-2008 68.30 157.00
Feb-2008 71.80 146.00
Mar-2008 68.90 145.00
Apr-2008 70.70 143.00
May-2008 72.80 136.00
Jun-2008 73.40 124.00
Jul-2008 72.20 112.00
Aug-2008 67.70 118.00
Sep-2008 63.40 150.00
Oct-2008 54.70 211.00
Nov-2008 54.60 289.00
Dec-2008 55.60 371.00
Jan-2009 53.20 443.00
Feb-2009 54.80 493.00
Mar-2009 57.40 511.00
Apr-2009 59.70 512.00
May-2009 63.30 505.00
Jun-2009 64.70 494.00
Jul-2009 65.70 478.00
Aug-2009 66.30 459.00
Sep-2009 68.20 437.00
Oct-2009 70.70 419.00
Nov-2009 69.90 405.00
Dec-2009 69.70 398.00
Jan-2010 69.20 394.00
Feb-2010 69.50 393.00
Mar-2010 71.70 393.00
Apr-2010 72.50 385.00
May-2010 67.50 369.00
Jun-2010 67.30 350.00
Jul-2010 69.40 328.00
Aug-2010 69.00 304.00
Sep-2010 72.90 272.00
Oct-2010 72.70 234.00
Nov-2010 73.00 198.00
Dec-2010 75.80 161.00
Jan-2011 74.00 129.00
Feb-2011 75.50 105.00
Mar-2011 76.30 89.00
Apr-2011 78.90 77.00
May-2011 77.80 66.00
Jun-2011 77.80 58.00
Jul-2011 78.40 54.00
Aug-2011 76.50 54.00
Sep-2011 72.40 51.00
Oct-2011 76.90 35.00
Nov-2011 74.60 6.00
Dec-2011 75.80 -23.00
Jan-2012 77.90 -45.00
Feb-2012 79.20 -54.00
Mar-2012 76.90 -49.00
Apr-2012 77.00 -33.00
May-2012 73.60 -16.00
Jun-2012 76.50 -10.00
Jul-2012 78.90 -19.00
Aug-2012 77.00 -39.00
Sep-2012 76.90 -60.00
Oct-2012 76.50 -75.00
Nov-2012 77.20 -88.00
Dec-2012 77.10 -101.00
Jan-2013 77.70 -115.00
Feb-2013 77.40 -132.00
Mar-2013 79.10 -151.00
Apr-2013 78.40 -172.00
May-2013 74.00 -187.00
Jun-2013 71.40 -195.00
Jul-2013 69.40 -191.00
Aug-2013 69.20 -177.00
Sep-2013 71.20 -156.00
Oct-2013 72.10 -124.00
Nov-2013 69.80 -83.00
Dec-2013 68.90 -37.00
Jan-2014 67.70 10.00
Feb-2014 68.90 54.00
Mar-2014 71.00 93.00
Apr-2014 71.40 128.00
May-2014 71.50 163.00
Jun-2014 72.00 200.00
Jul-2014 71.50 239.00
Aug-2014 71.90 280.00
Sep-2014 68.90 320.00
Oct-2014 69.40 359.00
Nov-2014 68.20 395.00
Dec-2014 66.50 433.00
Jan-2015 63.90 468.00
Feb-2015 64.10 500.00
Mar-2015 63.30 523.00

Note: Tourism‑related services include travel services and passenger transportation services; exchange rate index March 1970 = 100.

Source: ABS cat. no. 5368.0 and RBA.

Box 2: Chart D: Manufacturing export volumes

This chart shows manufacturing export volumes disaggregated into three categories: high-skilled and technology-intensive; medium-skilled and technology-intensive; and low-skilled and labour-intensive. Some pockets of the manufacturing industry performed relatively well in the decade leading up to the global financial crisis, namely producers of medium-to-high skilled and technology-intensive goods such as pharmaceuticals and specialised machinery & transport equipment.

Note: 2012‑13 prices; manufacturing classifications are based on UNCTADstat definitions; excludes food, beverage, iron and steel manufacturing exports.

Sources: ABS cat. no. 5302.0, Treasury and UNCTADstat..

Manufacturing export volumes
X Values High-skilled and technology-intensive Medium-skilled and technology-intensive Low-skilled and labour-intensive
1986 1.95 2.15 1.95
1987 2.45 2.69 2.21
1988 2.71 2.55 2.00
1989 2.98 2.96 2.55
1990 3.10 3.55 2.80
1991 4.67 3.99 3.50
1992 4.37 4.50 3.80
1993 4.90 5.18 3.81
1994 5.28 5.54 4.83
1995 6.31 6.54 4.63
1996 6.73 7.28 5.35
1997 8.44 7.71 5.79
1998 7.50 7.25 5.20
1999 8.41 7.88 5.91
2000 9.09 9.05 6.01
2001 9.45 10.25 5.87
2002 9.74 9.92 5.82
2003 9.75 10.25 5.60
2004 9.26 10.91 5.38
2005 10.33 11.54 5.31
2006 11.22 11.28 4.96
2007 13.10 12.19 4.62
2008 14.23 13.03 4.17
2009 13.46 9.95 3.87
2010 13.83 11.01 3.83
2011 13.94 11.73 3.52
2012 14.03 12.36 3.45
2013 13.61 11.90 3.64
2014 14.05 11.45 3.73

Note: 2012‑13 prices; manufacturing classifications are based on UNCTADstat definitions; excludes food, beverage, iron and steel manufacturing exports.

Sources: ABS cat. no. 5302.0, Treasury and UNCTADstat..

Chart 4: Export volumes

This charts shows key commodity export volumes on an annual constant price basis from 2006‑07 to 2016‑17.

Note: 2012‑13 prices.

Source: Department of Industry.

Export volumes
X Values Iron ore Metallurgical coal Thermal coal LNG
2006-07 27867.33 19310.89 9938.92 8646.21
2007-08 31876.52 19871.70 10290.78 8224.25
2008-09 35073.67 18146.77 12232.53 9304.19
2009-10 42118.27 22882.76 12018.84 10715.88
2010-11 44060.38 20510.77 12787.16 12036.37
2011-12 50909.12 20630.89 14105.41 11602.08
2012-13 57100.73 22413.29 16160.15 14310.43
2013-14 70666.10 26141.09 17327.53 14168.56
2014-15 81966.94 27505.56 18734.78 14648.85
2015-16 83771.16 27714.56 18132.67 22753.74
2016-17 88247.53 29105.34 18235.63 34460.81
2017-18 91722.33 29643.60 18966.54 43100.34
2018-19 94343.47 30266.44 19109.22 44594.36
2019-20 95332.61 30776.03 19805.62 44620.58

Note: 2012‑13 prices.

Source: Department of Industry.

Chart 5: Nominal non‑mining CAPEX

This chart shows the nominal level of annual non-mining capital expenditure, comprising expenditure on both buildings and structures and equipment, plant and machinery. The series covers actual expenditure from 2002‑03 to 2013‑14, and expected expenditure for 2014‑15 and 2015‑16. Total actual expenditure in 2013‑14 was $67.6 billion. Total expected expenditure in 2014‑15 is $72.6 billion, falling to $67.4 billion in 2015‑16.

Note: Estimates for 2014‑15 and 2015‑16 are based on survey respondents' expectations and have been adjusted using long‑run realisation ratios.

Source: ABS cat. no. 5625.0 and Treasury.

Nominal non‑mining CAPEX
$billion Buildings and Structures Equipment, plant and machinery
1987-88 9.0 16.1
1988-89 11.3 18.1
1989-90 11.8 18.7
1990-91 10.7 17.1
1991-92 7.0 15.7
1992-93 5.7 17.9
1993-94 5.6 20.7
1994-95 6.1 25.4
1995-96 9.4 26.3
1996-97 11.3 27.3
1997-98 9.7 29.1
1998-99 9.9 30.8
1999-00 11.2 32.1
2000-01 9.4 32.2
2001-02 8.1 33.4
2002-03 9.6 37.6
2003-04 12.2 35.4
2004-05 15.0 38.6
2005-06 17.9 43
2006-07 20.7 43.1
2007-08 23.6 44
2008-09 27.5 47.7
2009-10 25.4 46.5
2010-11 29.2 43.3
2011-12 29.8 43
2012-13 24.2 41.6
2013-14 25.9 41.7
2014-15 29.0 43.6
2015-16 28.5 38.9

Note: Estimates for 2014‑15 and 2015‑16 are based on survey respondents' expectations and have been adjusted using long‑run realisation ratios.

Source: ABS cat. no. 5625.0 and Treasury.

Chart 6: Non-mining capacity utilisation

Chart 6: Non‑mining capacity utilisation.

Note: NAB.

Non‑mining capacity utilisation
Date Non-mining capacity utilisation Average since June 2000
Mar-11 81.5 81.4
Jun-11 81.4 81.4
Sep-11 80.7 81.4
Dec-11 81.3 81.4
Mar-12 81.0 81.4
Jun-12 80.5 81.4
Sep-12 80.7 81.4
Dec-12 79.5 81.4
Mar-13 80.4 81.4
Jun-13 79.9 81.4
Sep-13 80.1 81.4
Dec-13 80.4 81.4
Mar-14 80.2 81.4
Jun-14 80.4 81.4
Sep-14 80.7 81.4
Dec-14 80.7 81.4
Mar-15 81.0 81.4

Note: NAB.

Chart 8: Terms of trade

This chart shows the historical and forecast level of Australia's terms of trade over the period June 1961 to June 2017

Source: ABS cat no. 5206.0 and Treasury.

Terms of trade
X Values Series1
1/06/1961 58.73
1/09/1961 62.09
1/12/1961 61.09
1/03/1962 63.20
1/06/1962 63.02
1/09/1962 61.96
1/12/1962 61.75
1/03/1963 64.82
1/06/1963 66.16
1/09/1963 68.56
1/12/1963 69.96
1/03/1964 72.42
1/06/1964 70.11
1/09/1964 69.42
1/12/1964 68.27
1/03/1965 65.99
1/06/1965 64.26
1/09/1965 65.43
1/12/1965 66.54
1/03/1966 67.86
1/06/1966 67.88
1/09/1966 66.66
1/12/1966 68.55
1/03/1967 66.58
1/06/1967 64.48
1/09/1967 61.96
1/12/1967 62.96
1/03/1968 64.29
1/06/1968 65.99
1/09/1968 63.48
1/12/1968 62.56
1/03/1969 69.26
1/06/1969 67.36
1/09/1969 66.20
1/12/1969 65.33
1/03/1970 69.39
1/06/1970 65.90
1/09/1970 64.81
1/12/1970 61.98
1/03/1971 62.30
1/06/1971 60.99
1/09/1971 61.90
1/12/1971 54.13
1/03/1972 57.74
1/06/1972 60.09
1/09/1972 63.41
1/12/1972 64.62
1/03/1973 73.79
1/06/1973 76.02
1/09/1973 75.66
1/12/1973 75.11
1/03/1974 79.02
1/06/1974 71.97
1/09/1974 71.41
1/12/1974 67.84
1/03/1975 66.74
1/06/1975 66.17
1/09/1975 64.57
1/12/1975 64.16
1/03/1976 64.45
1/06/1976 66.67
1/09/1976 65.39
1/12/1976 63.24
1/03/1977 62.53
1/06/1977 61.96
1/09/1977 58.66
1/12/1977 56.91
1/03/1978 56.77
1/06/1978 57.93
1/09/1978 56.84
1/12/1978 56.46
1/03/1979 57.46
1/06/1979 59.70
1/09/1979 59.74
1/12/1979 60.37
1/03/1980 60.48
1/06/1980 59.21
1/09/1980 59.09
1/12/1980 59.04
1/03/1981 59.79
1/06/1981 58.91
1/09/1981 60.04
1/12/1981 58.36
1/03/1982 56.67
1/06/1982 58.09
1/09/1982 57.78
1/12/1982 57.22
1/03/1983 57.50
1/06/1983 58.21
1/09/1983 58.11
1/12/1983 58.85
1/03/1984 58.61
1/06/1984 58.91
1/09/1984 59.20
1/12/1984 59.05
1/03/1985 58.75
1/06/1985 55.06
1/09/1985 54.35
1/12/1985 51.98
1/03/1986 51.77
1/06/1986 51.82
1/09/1986 49.41
1/12/1986 49.33
1/03/1987 49.64
1/06/1987 50.68
1/09/1987 52.05
1/12/1987 52.11
1/03/1988 54.72
1/06/1988 57.06
1/09/1988 60.26
1/12/1988 60.55
1/03/1989 63.38
1/06/1989 63.01
1/09/1989 61.95
1/12/1989 62.14
1/03/1990 61.95
1/06/1990 62.31
1/09/1990 61.62
1/12/1990 58.69
1/03/1991 57.85
1/06/1991 57.33
1/09/1991 57.59
1/12/1991 56.98
1/03/1992 57.14
1/06/1992 56.65
1/09/1992 55.61
1/12/1992 54.85
1/03/1993 54.98
1/06/1993 53.38
1/09/1993 53.01
1/12/1993 52.81
1/03/1994 53.47
1/06/1994 53.27
1/09/1994 53.62
1/12/1994 55.52
1/03/1995 55.81
1/06/1995 55.10
1/09/1995 55.35
1/12/1995 56.00
1/03/1996 56.82
1/06/1996 57.98
1/09/1996 58.12
1/12/1996 58.25
1/03/1997 58.37
1/06/1997 58.85
1/09/1997 58.82
1/12/1997 58.46
1/03/1998 57.50
1/06/1998 57.29
1/09/1998 55.47
1/12/1998 54.84
1/03/1999 55.45
1/06/1999 55.14
1/09/1999 55.91
1/12/1999 56.95
1/03/2000 58.81
1/06/2000 57.83
1/09/2000 58.65
1/12/2000 58.34
1/03/2001 58.36
1/06/2001 58.07
1/09/2001 58.85
1/12/2001 58.69
1/03/2002 59.95
1/06/2002 59.27
1/09/2002 59.44
1/12/2002 59.92
1/03/2003 60.49
1/06/2003 60.67
1/09/2003 61.88
1/12/2003 63.17
1/03/2004 65.53
1/06/2004 67.40
1/09/2004 68.06
1/12/2004 68.83
1/03/2005 70.78
1/06/2005 75.42
1/09/2005 76.55
1/12/2005 77.76
1/03/2006 78.92
1/06/2006 80.34
1/09/2006 81.82
1/12/2006 83.47
1/03/2007 85.04
1/06/2007 85.51
1/09/2007 85.25
1/12/2007 86.01
1/03/2008 87.38
1/06/2008 96.18
1/09/2008 102.98
1/12/2008 100.18
1/03/2009 93.40
1/06/2009 85.47
1/09/2009 84.20
1/12/2009 87.06
1/03/2010 91.18
1/06/2010 103.71
1/09/2010 105.54
1/12/2010 107.31
1/03/2011 112.30
1/06/2011 116.80
1/09/2011 118.46
1/12/2011 112.19
1/03/2012 106.45
1/06/2012 106.03
1/09/2012 101.13
1/12/2012 98.86
1/03/2013 99.66
1/06/2013 100.02
1/09/2013 98.10
1/12/2013 98.51
1/03/2014 96.41
1/06/2014 92.74
1/09/2014 89.44
1/12/2014 87.90
1/03/2015 83.05
1/06/2015 78.10
1/09/2015 76.96
1/12/2015 77.48
1/03/2016 77.54
1/06/2016 77.49
1/09/2016 78.16
1/12/2016 78.06
1/03/2017 77.82
1/06/2017 77.63

Source: ABS cat no. 5206.0 and Treasury.